DOI: https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2025.29
PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40015959
تاريخ النشر: 2025-01-01
www.cambridge.org/epa
مقال بحثي
https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2025.29
تاريخ الاستلام: 18 يناير 2025
تاريخ المراجعة: 08 فبراير 2025
تاريخ القبول: 10 فبراير 2025
الكلمات المفتاحية:
المؤلف المراسل:
البريد الإلكتروني: giuseppe.plazzi@isnb.it
© المؤلفون، 2025. نُشر بواسطة مطبعة جامعة كامبريدج نيابة عن الجمعية الأوروبية للطب النفسي. هذه مقالة مفتوحة الوصول، موزعة بموجب شروط ترخيص المشاع الإبداعي (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)، والتي تسمح بإعادة الاستخدام والتوزيع والاستنساخ غير المقيد، شريطة أن يتم الاستشهاد بالمقالة الأصلية بشكل صحيح.
خطر الانتحار بين المرضى النفسيين المراهقين في المستشفيات: دور الأرق والاكتئاب والعوامل الاجتماعية والشخصية
الملخص
الخلفية. المراهقون الذين يعانون من اضطرابات نفسية معرضون بشكل متزايد لخطر الانتحار، حيث تلعب الأرق والاكتئاب والعوامل الاجتماعية والشخصية أدوارًا محورية. تبحث هذه الدراسة في التفاعل بين هذه العوامل في عينة من المرضى النفسيين المراهقين في إيطاليا، مع التركيز بشكل خاص على ارتباطها بمحاولات الانتحار. الطرق. أجرينا دراسة مقطعية على 95 مراهقًا مريضًا (54 من محاولي الانتحار، 41 غير المحاولين) لاستكشاف متغيراتهم السوسيو ديموغرافية والسريرية، بما في ذلك الأرق والاكتئاب والعوامل الاجتماعية والشخصية مثل تاريخ التنمر. تم استخدام تحليلات الانحدار اللوجستي وارتباطات بيرسون لتحديد المتنبئين المهمين لمحاولات الانتحار وترابطها. النتائج. كانت محاولات الانتحار تتركز بشكل رئيسي بين الإناث (
المقدمة
الطرق
تصميم الدراسة والإعداد
المشاركون
جمع البيانات
الإجراءات
التحليل الإحصائي
مستقل
| متغير | محاولي الانتحار
|
لا محاولات انتحار
|
|
|
| الإناث، ن (%) | ٤٩ (٩٠) | 31 (75) | 0.04 | ٣.١٥ |
| العمر، الوسيط (المدى interquartile) | 16 (1) | 16 (3) | 0.40 | – |
| دخل الأسرة، ن (%) | ٢.٢٦ | |||
| منخفض | 7 (12) | 7 (17) | 0.60 | – |
| متوسط أدنى | ٣٧ (٦٨) | ٢٢ (٥٣) | – | |
| الطبقة المتوسطة العليا | 10 (18) | 12 (29) | – | |
| تاريخ الأسرة النفسي، عدد (%) | ٤٥ (٨٣) | ٢٦ (٦٣) | 0.04 | ٤.٥٠ |
| تاريخ الانتحار في العائلة، ن (%) | 14 (26) | ٤ (٩) | 0.47 | 2.07 |
| المُتنمَّر عليه، ن (%) | 14 (26) | ٤ (٩) | 0.01 | ٥.٠٠ |
| نشاط بدني، ن (%) | 15 (27) | 22 (53) | 0.01 | ٦.٥٠ |
| استخدام التبغ، ن (%) | 30 (55) | 16 (39) | 0.09 | 2.05 |
| استخدام القنب، عدد (%) | 16 (29) | 10 (24) | 0.53 | 1.30 |
| استخدام الكحول، عدد (%) | 9 (16) | 8 (19) | 0.71 | 0.01 |
| الاكتئاب، ن (%) | 52 (96) | ٢٩ (٧٠) | 0.01 | ٧.٥٠ |
| NSSI، عدد (%) | ٤٩ (٩٠) | ٣٤ (٨٢) | 0.15 | 1.60 |
| الأرق، ن (%) | ٤٣ (٧٩) | 22 (53) | 0.01 | ٤.٧٥ |
| الأرق الأولي | ٣٧ (٦٨) | ٢٣ (٥٦) | 0.21 | – |
| الأرق المستمر | 21 (38) | 17 (41) | 0.80 | – |
| الأرق النهائي | 5 (9) | 5 (12) | 0.64 | – |
| مدة النوم الليلية، ن (%) | 0.45 | |||
| <6 ساعات | ٣٣ (٦١) | 27 (65) | 0.68 | – |
| 6 ساعات | 21 (38) | 10 (24) | – | |
|
|
0 | ٤ (٨) | – | |
| الكوابيس، ن (%) | 17 (31) | 5 (12) | 0.02 | 3.02 |
النتائج
الخصائص الاجتماعية الديموغرافية والسريرية
العلاقة بين الأرق والمتغيرات السريرية
الانحدار اللوجستي
| متغير | الأرق | الاكتئاب | NSSI | إساءة استخدام القنب | الاستخدام القهري لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي |
| الأرق | 1.00 | 0.45* | 0.10 | -0.05 | 0.12 |
| الاكتئاب | 0.45* | 1.00 | 0.40* | 0.20 | 0.18 |
| NSSI | 0.10 | 0.40* | 1.00 | 0.25* | 0.22 |
| إساءة استخدام القنب | -0.05 | 0.20 | 0.25* | 1.00 | -0.10 |
| الاستخدام القهري لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.22* | -0.10 | 1.00 |
| متغير | معامل (
|
خطأ معياري |
|
نسبة الأرجحية |
| عمر | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1.11 |
| جنس | 0.22 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 1.24 |
| التاريخ النفسي العائلي | 0.33 | 0.19 | 0.07 | 1.39 |
| الأرق | 0.55 | 0.20 | 0.01 | 1.73 |
| الوضع الاقتصادي | -0.10 | 0.08 | 0.18 | 0.90 |
| نشط بدنيًا | -0.42 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 0.66 |
| الاكتئاب | 0.85 | 0.28 | 0.01 | ٢.٣٤ |
مرتبط بالنتيجة (
نقاش
معدلات أعلى [19]. تشمل التفسيرات المحتملة زيادة القابلية للإصابة بالاضطرابات الداخلية، مثل الاكتئاب والقلق، بالإضافة إلى التعرض الأكبر للضغوط الاجتماعية، بما في ذلك التنمر والصراعات بين الأفراد [20]. تشير هذه النتائج إلى الحاجة إلى تدخلات محددة حسب الجنس تعالج عوامل الخطر الفريدة التي تواجه المراهقات.
قد توفر برامج النشاطات وسيلة مساعدة منخفضة التكلفة وغير دوائية للرعاية النفسية التقليدية. علاوة على ذلك، يمكن تخصيص هذه البرامج لتلبية التفضيلات الفردية لضمان الالتزام وتعظيم الفوائد النفسية.
الخاتمة
الدعم المالي. لم تتلق هذه الدراسة أي تمويل.
المصالح المتنافسة. ليس لدى المؤلفين أي مصالح للإعلان عنها.
References
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[7] Perlis ML, Grandner MA, Brown GK, et al. Nocturnal wakefulness as a previously unrecognized risk factor for suicide. J Clin Psychiatry. 2016; 77(6):e726-33. doi:10.4088/JCP.15m10131
[8] Bernert RA, Luckenbaugh DA, Duncan WC, Iwata NG, Ballard ED, Zarate CA. Sleep architecture parameters as a putative biomarker of suicidal ideation in treatment-resistant depression. J Affect Disord. 2017;208: 309-15. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.050
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[10] Bauducco SV, Tilton-Weaver L, Gradisar M, Hysing M, Latina D. Sleep trajectories and frequency of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: a person-oriented perspective over two years. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):1734. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-85779-5
[11] Liu X, Buysse DJ, Gentzler AL, Kiss E, et al. Insomnia and hypersomnia associated with depressive phenomenology and comorbidity in adolescents. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2007;38(4):267-80.
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[14] Sekhar DL, Ba DM, Liu G, Kraschnewski JL. Major depressive disorder screening remains low even among privately insured adolescents. J Pediatr. 2019;204:203-7.
[15] Bjureberg J, Sahlin H, Hellner C, et al. Emotion regulation individual therapy for adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: a feasibility study. BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17(1):411. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1527-4
[16] Xin Z, Wu H, Lai W, Guo L, Wang W, Chen R, et al. Moderation of sex in the association between school bullying behaviors and problematic gaming among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2024;24:816. doi:10.1186/s12888-024-06267-
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2025.29
PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40015959
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
www.cambridge.org/epa
Research Article
https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2025.29
Received: 18 January 2025
Revised: 08 February 2025
Accepted: 10 February 2025
Keywords:
Corresponding author:
Email: giuseppe.plazzi@isnb.it
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of European Psychiatric Association. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Suicidal risk among adolescent psychiatric inpatients: the role of insomnia, depression, and social-personal factors
Abstract
Background. Adolescents with psychiatric disorders are at increased risk of suicide, with insomnia, depression, and social-personal factors playing pivotal roles. This study investigates the interplay between these factors in a sample of adolescent psychiatric inpatients in Italy, with a particular focus on their association with suicide attempts. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 95 adolescent inpatients ( 54 suicide attempters, 41 non-attempters) to explore their sociodemographic and clinical variables, including insomnia, depression, and social-personal factors as history of bullying. Logistic regression analyses and Pearson’s correlations were used to identify significant predictors of suicide attempts and their interrelations. Results. Suicide attempters were predominantly female (
Introduction
Methods
Study design and setting
Participants
Data collection
Procedures
Statistical analysis
independent
| Variable | Suicide attempters (
|
No-suicide attempters (
|
|
|
| Female sex, n (%) | 49 (90) | 31 (75) | 0.04 | 3.15 |
| Age, median (IQR) | 16 (1) | 16 (3) | 0.40 | – |
| Family income, n (%) | 2.26 | |||
| Low | 7 (12) | 7 (17) | 0.60 | – |
| Lower-middle | 37 (68) | 22 (53) | – | |
| Upper-middle | 10 (18) | 12 (29) | – | |
| Family psychiatric history, n (%) | 45 (83) | 26 (63) | 0.04 | 4.50 |
| Family suicide history, n (%) | 14 (26) | 4 (9) | 0.47 | 2.07 |
| Bullied, n (%) | 14 (26) | 4 (9) | 0.01 | 5.00 |
| Physically active, n (%) | 15 (27) | 22 (53) | 0.01 | 6.50 |
| Tobacco use, n (%) | 30 (55) | 16 (39) | 0.09 | 2.05 |
| Cannabis use, n (%) | 16 (29) | 10 (24) | 0.53 | 1.30 |
| Alcohol use, n (%) | 9 (16) | 8 (19) | 0.71 | 0.01 |
| Depression, n (%) | 52 (96) | 29 (70) | 0.01 | 7.50 |
| NSSI, n (%) | 49 (90) | 34 (82) | 0.15 | 1.60 |
| Insomnia, n (%) | 43 (79) | 22 (53) | 0.01 | 4.75 |
| Initial insomnia | 37 (68) | 23 (56) | 0.21 | – |
| Maintenance insomnia | 21 (38) | 17 (41) | 0.80 | – |
| Terminal insomnia | 5 (9) | 5 (12) | 0.64 | – |
| Nighttime sleep duration, n (%) | 0.45 | |||
| <6 hours | 33 (61) | 27 (65) | 0.68 | – |
| 6 hours | 21 (38) | 10 (24) | – | |
|
|
0 | 4 (8) | – | |
| Nightmares, n (%) | 17 (31) | 5 (12) | 0.02 | 3.02 |
Results
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics
Correlation between insomnia and clinical variables
Logistic regression
| Variable | Insomnia | Depression | NSSI | Cannabis abuse | Compulsive social media use |
| Insomnia | 1.00 | 0.45* | 0.10 | -0.05 | 0.12 |
| Depression | 0.45* | 1.00 | 0.40* | 0.20 | 0.18 |
| NSSI | 0.10 | 0.40* | 1.00 | 0.25* | 0.22 |
| Cannabis abuse | -0.05 | 0.20 | 0.25* | 1.00 | -0.10 |
| Compulsive social media use | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.22* | -0.10 | 1.00 |
| Variable | Coefficient (
|
Standard error |
|
Odds ratio |
| Age | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1.11 |
| Gender | 0.22 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 1.24 |
| Family psychiatric history | 0.33 | 0.19 | 0.07 | 1.39 |
| Insomnia | 0.55 | 0.20 | 0.01 | 1.73 |
| Economic status | -0.10 | 0.08 | 0.18 | 0.90 |
| Physically active | -0.42 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 0.66 |
| Depression | 0.85 | 0.28 | 0.01 | 2.34 |
associated with the outcome (
Discussion
higher rates [19]. Possible explanations include greater susceptibility to internalizing disorders, such as depression and anxiety, as well as higher exposure to social stressors, including bullying and interpersonal conflicts [20]. These findings suggest the need for genderspecific interventions that address the unique risk factors faced by female adolescents.
activity programs may provide a low-cost, non-pharmacological adjunct to traditional psychiatric care. Furthermore, such programs could be tailored to individual preferences to ensure adherence and maximize psychological benefits.
Conclusion
Financial support. This study has not received any funding.
Competing interest. The authors have no interests to declare.
References
[2] Blakemore SJ. Adolescence and mental health. Lancet. 2019;393(10185): 2030-31. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31013-X
[3] World Health Organization. Suicide worldwide in 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/ 9789240026643. Accessed June 16, 2021.
[4] Curtin SC, Heron M. Death rates due to suicide and homicide among persons aged 10-24: United States, 2001-2020. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2022; 71(1):1-10.
[5] Braciszewski JM, Lanier A, Yeh HH, et al. Health diagnoses and service utilization in the year before youth and young adult suicide. Psychiatr Serv. 2023;74(6):566-73. doi:10.1176/appi.ps. 20220145
[6] Baldini V, Gnazzo M, Rapelli G, et al. Association between sleep disturbances and suicidal behavior in adolescents: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15:1341686.
[7] Perlis ML, Grandner MA, Brown GK, et al. Nocturnal wakefulness as a previously unrecognized risk factor for suicide. J Clin Psychiatry. 2016; 77(6):e726-33. doi:10.4088/JCP.15m10131
[8] Bernert RA, Luckenbaugh DA, Duncan WC, Iwata NG, Ballard ED, Zarate CA. Sleep architecture parameters as a putative biomarker of suicidal ideation in treatment-resistant depression. J Affect Disord. 2017;208: 309-15. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.050
[9] Berardelli I, Sarubbi S, Trocchia MA, Longhini L, Moschillo A, Rogante E, et al. The mediating role of insomnia severity in the relationship between anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation: a real-world study in a psychiatric inpatient setting. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2024;212(9):479-84. doi:10.1097/ NMD. 0000000000001793
[10] Bauducco SV, Tilton-Weaver L, Gradisar M, Hysing M, Latina D. Sleep trajectories and frequency of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: a person-oriented perspective over two years. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):1734. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-85779-5
[11] Liu X, Buysse DJ, Gentzler AL, Kiss E, et al. Insomnia and hypersomnia associated with depressive phenomenology and comorbidity in adolescents. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2007;38(4):267-80.
[12] Becker SP, Sidol CA, Van Dyk TR, Epstein JN. Predicting academic achievement and grade retention with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptom dimensions. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2021;50(2):131-47.
[13] Siu AL, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for depression in children and adolescents: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164(5):360-66.
[14] Sekhar DL, Ba DM, Liu G, Kraschnewski JL. Major depressive disorder screening remains low even among privately insured adolescents. J Pediatr. 2019;204:203-7.
[15] Bjureberg J, Sahlin H, Hellner C, et al. Emotion regulation individual therapy for adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: a feasibility study. BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17(1):411. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1527-4
[16] Xin Z, Wu H, Lai W, Guo L, Wang W, Chen R, et al. Moderation of sex in the association between school bullying behaviors and problematic gaming among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2024;24:816. doi:10.1186/s12888-024-06267-
[17] Huang X, Li Q, Hao Y, An N. The relationship between a competitive school climate and school bullying among secondary vocational school students in China: a moderated mediation model. Behav Sci. 2024;14:129. doi:10.3390/bs14020129
[18] Semplonius T, Willoughby T. Long-term links between physical activity and sleep quality. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018;50(12):2418-24. doi: 10.1249/MSS. 0000000000001706
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