DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49556-8
PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38902254
تاريخ النشر: 2024-06-20
الاستدامة البيئية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية في تربية الأحياء المائية: مؤشرات أداء تربية الأحياء المائية
تاريخ القبول: 10 يونيو 2024
تاريخ النشر على الإنترنت: 20 يونيو 2024
الملخص
تربية الأحياء المائية هي تقنية إنتاج غذائي تنمو بسرعة، ولكن هناك مخاوف كبيرة تتعلق بتأثيرها البيئي وآثارها الاجتماعية السلبية. نحن نفحص نتائج تربية الأحياء المائية في إطار ثلاثة أعمدة للاستدامة من خلال تحليل البيانات التي تم جمعها باستخدام مؤشرات أداء تربية الأحياء المائية. باستخدام هذا النهج، تم جمع بيانات قابلة للمقارنة لـ 57 نظامًا لتربية الأحياء المائية في جميع أنحاء العالم على 88 مقياسًا يقيس النتائج الاجتماعية أو الاقتصادية أو البيئية. نحن نفحص أولاً العلاقات بين الأعمدة الثلاثة للاستدامة ثم نحلل الأداء في الأعمدة الثلاثة حسب التكنولوجيا والأنواع. تظهر النتائج أن النتائج الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والبيئية، في المتوسط، تعزز بعضها البعض في أنظمة تربية الأحياء المائية العالمية. ومع ذلك، تظهر التحليلات أيضًا تباينًا كبيرًا في درجة الاستدامة في أنظمة تربية الأحياء المائية المختلفة، وأن الأداء الضعيف لبعض أنظمة الإنتاج في بعض الأبعاد يوفر فرصة لتدابير سياسية مبتكرة واستثمار لمزيد من توافق أهداف الاستدامة.
العلاقات بين أعمدة الاستدامة تختلف تمامًا في تربية الأحياء المائية عن مصايد الأسماك، وهي التقنية الرئيسية الأخرى لإنتاج المأكولات البحرية. على وجه الخصوص، هناك علاقة أضعف بكثير بين الاستدامة البيئية والاقتصادية وعلاقة أقوى بكثير بين الاستدامة الاجتماعية والبيئية. كما تسهل مؤشرات الأداء التحقيق في العديد من الموضوعات المثيرة للجدل حول تطوير تربية الأحياء المائية. على سبيل المثال، تشير نتائجنا إلى أن تربية الأحياء المائية للمياه العذبة والبحرية متكافئة من منظور الاستدامة، وأن الزراعة الأحادية تفضل على الزراعة المتعددة. نحن نحدد أنواع تربية الأحياء المائية ذات الأداء العالي والأنواع ونبرز الفرص لتحسين الأداء الاقتصادي والاجتماعي والبيئي. تدعم نتائجنا الصورة الدقيقة لصناعة غير متجانسة كما أشار نيلور وآخرون.
القضايا المتعلقة بالأعمدة الثلاثة للاستدامة، وبالتالي تسهل المقارنات العالمية. مؤشرات الأداء هي امتداد لمؤشرات أداء مصايد الأسماك (FPIs) لأندرسون وآخرين.
النتائج
التآزر والمفاضلات بين الأعمدة الثلاثة للاستدامة
بواسطة الصيادين

بيئة الإنتاج، والتقنيات، والأنواع


لقد انخفض استخدام المكونات البحرية بشكل كبير
التجارة الدولية

يتم توحيد الدرجات حسب الصف من خلال طرح المتوسط والقسمة على
الانحراف المعياري. وبالتالي، فإن الدرجة المعيارية تعكس المسافة من المتوسط بوحدات الانحراف المعياري. راجع المواد التكميلية للقياسات الفردية التي تشكل كل بُعد.
المناطق الفقيرة في العالم
نقاش

طرق
ملخص التقرير
توفر البيانات
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شكر وتقدير
مساهمات المؤلفين
جمع البيانات، وكتب الورقة. صمم J.L.A. البحث، جمع البيانات، حلل البيانات، وكتب الورقة. صمم H.E. البحث، جمع البيانات، حلل البيانات، وكتب الورقة. جمع T.M.A. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع B.C. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع C.A.C. البيانات، حلل البيانات، وكتب الورقة. جمع J.C. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع N.C. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع M.M.D. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع K.F. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع J.F. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع J.G. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع G.K. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع L.L. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع I.L. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع L.N. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع R.N. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع R.B.M.P. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع P.O.S. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع B.T. البيانات وكتب الورقة. جمع R.T. البيانات وكتب الورقة. يتشارك T.M.G. و F.A. في تأليف الورقة.
تمويل
المصالح المتنافسة
معلومات إضافية
© المؤلفون 2024، نشر مصحح 2024
- تظهر قائمة كاملة بالانتماءات في نهاية الورقة.
البريد الإلكتروني: فرانك.أش@ufl.edu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49556-8
PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38902254
Publication Date: 2024-06-20
Environmental, economic, and social sustainability in aquaculture: the aquaculture performance indicators
Accepted: 10 June 2024
Published online: 20 June 2024
Abstract
Aquaculture is a rapidly growing food production technology, but there are significant concerns related to its environmental impact and adverse social effects. We examine aquaculture outcomes in a three pillars of sustainability framework by analyzing data collected using the Aquaculture Performance Indicators. Using this approach, comparable data has been collected for 57 aquaculture systems worldwide on 88 metrics that measure social, economic, or environmental outcomes. We first examine the relationships among the three pillars of sustainability and then analyze performance in the three pillars by technology and species. The results show that economic, social, and environmental outcomes are, on average, mutually reinforced in global aquaculture systems. However, the analysis also shows significant variation in the degree of sustainability in different aquaculture systems, and weak performance of some production systems in some dimensions provides opportunity for innovative policy measures and investment to further align sustainability objectives.
relationships between the sustainability pillars is quite different in aquaculture from fisheries, the other main production technology for seafood. In particular, there is a much weaker relationship between environmental and economic sustainability and a much stronger relationship between social and environmental sustainability. The APIs also facilitate the investigation of several controversial topics about aquaculture development. For instance, our results suggest that freshwater and marine aquaculture are equivalent from a sustainability perspective, and monoculture is preferable to polyculture. We identify high-performing aquaculture typologies and species and highlight opportunities to improve economic, social, and environmental performance. Our results support the nuanced picture of a heterogenous industry indicated by Naylor et al.
issues related to the three pillars of sustainability and, therefore, facilitates global comparisons. The APIs are an extension of the Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs) of Anderson et al.
Results
Synergies and trade-offs among the three pillars of sustainability
by fishers

Production environment, technologies, and species


the use of marine ingredients have declined significantly
International trade

Scores are standardized by row by subtracting the mean and dividing by the
standard deviation. Thus, the standardized score reflects the distance from the mean in units of standard deviation. See the Supplementary materials for the individual metrics comprising each dimension.
poor regions of the world
Discussion

Methods
Reporting summary
Data availability
References
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- Golden, C. D. et al. Aquatic foods to nourish nations. Nature 598, 315 (2021).
- Gephart, J. A. et al. Environmental performance of blue foods. Nature 597, 360 (2021).
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- Ahmed, N., Thompson, S. & Glaser, M. Global aquaculture productivity, sustainability, and climate change adaptation. Environ. Manag. 63, 159 (2019).
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- Prodhan, Md. M. H., Khan, Md. A., Palash, Md. S., Hossain, M. I. & Kumar, G. Supply chain performance of fishing industry in Bangladesh: emphasizing on information sharing and commitment. Aquac. Econ. Manag. 27, 523 (2023).
- Clark, T. P. & Longo, S. B. Global labor value chains, commodification, and the socioecological structure of severe exploitation. A case study of the Thai seafood sector. J. Peasant Stud. 49, 652 (2022).
- Ceballos, A., Dresdner-Cid, J. D. & Quiroga-Suazo, M. Á. Does the location of salmon farms contribute to the reduction of poverty in remote coastal areas? An impact assessment using a Chilean case study. Food Policy 75, 68 (2018).
- Filipski, M. & Belton, B. Give a man a fish pond: modeling the impacts of aquaculture in the rural economy. World Dev. 110, 205 (2018).
- Cárdenas-Retamal, R., Dresdner-Cid, J. D. & Ceballos-Concha, A. Impact assessment of salmon farming on income distribution of remote coastal areas. The Chilean case. Food Policy 101, 102078 (2021).
- Hegde, S. et al. Economic contribution of the US catfish industry. Aquac. Econ. Manag. 26, 384 (2022).
- Toufique, K. A. & Belton, B. Is aquaculture pro-poor? Empirical evidence of impacts on fish consumption in Bangladesh. World Dev. 64, 609 (2014).
- Anderson, J. L., Anderson, C. M., Chu, J. & Meredith, J. The fishery performance indicators: a management tool for triple bottom line outcomes. PLoS ONE 10, e0122809 (2015).
- Asche, F. et al. The three pillars of sustainability in fisheries. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 115, 11221 (2018).
- Garlock, T. et al. Global insights on managing fishery systems for the three pillars of sustainability. Fish. Fish. 23, 899 (2022).
- McCluney, J. K., Anderson, C. M. & Anderson, J. L. The fishery performance indicators for global tuna fisheries. Nat. Commun. 10, 1641 (2019).
- Asche, F., Garlock, T. M. & Akpalu, W. Fisheries performance in Africa: an analysis based on data from 14 countries. Mar. Policy 125, 104263 (2021).
- Volpe, J. P. et al. Global aquaculture performance index (GAPI): the first global environmental assessment of marine fish farming. Sustainability 5, 3976 (2013).
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- Stentiford, G. D. et al. Sustainable aquaculture through the One Health lens. Nat. Food 1, 468 (2020).
- Garlock, T. et al. A global blue revolution: Aquaculture growth across regions, species and countries. Rev. Fish. Sci. Aquac. 28, 107 (2020).
- Costello, C., Gaines, S. D. & Lynham, J. Can catch shares prevent fisheries collapse? Science 321, 1678 (2008).
- Birkenbach, A. M., Kaczan, D. J. & Smith, M. D. Catch shares slow the race to fish. Nature 544, 1067 (2017).
- Pincinato, R. B., Asche, F. & Roll, K. H. Escapees in salmon aquaculture: a multi-output approach. Land Econ. 97, 425 (2021).
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Acknowledgements
Author contributions
the data, and wrote the paper. J.L.A. designed the research, collected data, analyzed the data, and wrote the paper. H.E. designed the research, collected the data, analyzed the data, and wrote the paper. T.M.A. collected data and wrote the paper. B.C. collected data and wrote the paper. C.A.C. collected data, analyzed the data, and wrote the paper. J.C. collected data and wrote the paper. N.C. collected data and wrote the paper. M.M.D. collected data and wrote the paper. K.F. collected data and wrote the paper. J.F. collected data and wrote the paper. J.G. collected data and wrote the paper. G.K. collected data and wrote the paper. L.L. collected data and wrote the paper. I.L. collected data and wrote the paper. L.N. collected data and wrote the paper. R.N. collected data and wrote the paper. R.B.M.P. collected data and wrote the paper. P.O.S. collected data and wrote the paper. B.T. collected data and wrote the paper. R.T. collected data and wrote the paper. T.M.G. and F.A. share first authorship.
Funding
Competing interests
Additional information
© The Author(s) 2024, corrected publication 2024
- A full list of affiliations appears at the end of the paper.
e-mail: frank.asche@ufl.edu
